ANALYSIS OF THE PROTECTION OF FEMALE MEDICAL PERSONNEL IN THE HEALTH LAW AND THE LABOR LAW

Abstract

This study analyzes the effectiveness of legal protection for female medical personnel in Indonesia under Law Number 36 of 2009 concerning Health Workers and Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower, given their crucial role in the health system but often facing unique challenges regarding rights in the workplace. Supported by a theoretical framework of gender justice and equality, this study aims to identify implementation gaps and formulate policy recommendations. Using a mixed methods design with a questionnaire survey (n=300) and in-depth interviews, as well as descriptive, inferential, and thematic statistical analysis, it was found that the majority of female medical personnel felt that legal protection was inadequate, especially in handling sexual harassment and equality in job promotions (p<0.01), which was reinforced by experiences of subtle discrimination and lack of institutional support. These results indicate a significant deficit in legal implementation, which was negatively correlated with job satisfaction (r=-0.45, p<0.01), even influenced by a less transparent organizational culture. In conclusion, there is a gap between legal norms and practical reality, necessitating the strengthening of oversight mechanisms, gender sensitivity training, and secure reporting channels. This paper provides both theoretical and practical contributions to policy reforms protecting female medical personnel.